Analysis Simulation of Overcurrent Protection System for 3 Phase Induction Motor Using an Arduino and ACS712 Current Sensor

Abstract

This research explores a simple yet effective way to protect three-phase induction motors from overcurrent by using an Arduino Uno and an ACS712 current sensor. Overcurrent conditions can cause serious damage to motors, especially if left unnoticed. To address this, the study proposes a smart monitoring system that continuously reads current levels and responds based on their severity. The system categorizes the motor’s status into three levels: normal, warning, and danger. Each level is indicated by an LED and corresponds to specific current ranges. The simulation was carried out using Proteus software, where the Arduino receives real-time current readings from the sensor. If the current crosses a set threshold (around 10% over the safe limit), the system automatically shuts down the power, helping prevent motor failure. Results from the simulation show that the system works as intended—it successfully detects overcurrent conditions and reacts appropriately. This proves that combining an Arduino with the ACS712 sensor is a practical, affordable, and easy-to-use solution for motor protection. The approach is especially useful for learning environments or small industries that need cost-effective safety systems.