Performance Improvement of Weak Power Networks with Solar Energy and Facts Devices

Abstract

The study presents an effective approach for enhancing the performance of weak electrical grids through the integration of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system with a Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM). The increasing penetration of solar energy into weak utility networks often results in voltage instability, reactive power imbalance, harmonic distortion, and degraded power quality. To overcome these issues, the proposed system utilizes solar PV as a clean renewable energy source while employing the DSTATCOM to provide rapid reactive power compensation, voltage support, and harmonic suppression. A comprehensive model of the integrated system is developed in MATLAB/Simulink to evaluate its performance under varying load conditions and network disturbances. The simulation investigates important parameters such as voltage profile, power factor, total harmonic distortion (THD), system stability, and transmission losses. The results indicate that the DSTATCOM effectively maintains voltage within acceptable limits and significantly improves the dynamic response of the weak grid. It also reduces harmonic content, enhances the power factor, and minimizes transmission losses during fluctuating operating conditions. The coordinated operation of the solar PV system and DSTATCOM ensures reliable power delivery and stable grid performance despite variations in renewable energy generation. Furthermore, the proposed configuration supports greater integration of renewable energy resources without compromising grid security. Overall, the study demonstrates that the solar PV–DSTATCOM combination is a practical and efficient solution for improving the stability, reliability, and power quality of weak power systems, thereby contributing to the development of sustainable and resilient smart grid infrastructures.