Non-Invasive Hemoglobin Level Detector

Abstract

Hemoglobin is essential for oxygen transport in the body, but traditional measurement methods require invasive blood sampling, which is often uncomfortable and impractical for frequent use. To overcome these limitations, there is a growing interest in non-invasive hemoglobin detection technologies that can measure hemoglobin levels without breaking the skin or drawing blood. These techniques are based on optical sensing principles, where light of specific wavelengths (typically in the red and infrared spectrum) is passed through body tissues like the fingertip or earlobe. The absorbed or scattered light by the blood and tissues provides measurable data that can be used to estimate hemoglobin concentration. This paper proposes a non-invasive hemoglobin level detector utilizes photoplethysmography (PPG) and spectrophotometry to collect optical signals from the user. These signals are then processed using embedded algorithms or machine learning models to calculate hemoglobin levels in real time. The system is powered by a microcontroller and includes a display or mobile interface for user-friendly output. This technology has the potential to revolutionize health monitoring, especially in resource-limited settings, rural healthcare, and home-based applications. It allows for safe, quick, and continuous hemoglobin assessment, making it suitable for pregnant women, children, elderly patients and individuals with chronic conditions who require regular monitoring.